種子散布様式の英単語

種子散布(Seed dispersal)

 

 

◆Autochory：自動散布

　blastchory：茎を伸ばして散布（散布距離≒茎の長さ）

the stem of the plant grows or crawls on the ground to deposit the seeds as far as possible from the mother plant（ツタバウンラン、ミチヤナギ、フラサバソウ）

　ballochory (ballistichory, ballistic dispersal)：自力射出散布

the explosion of the fruit ejects the seeds（ホウセンカ属、タネツケバナ属、スミレ属、ソラマメ属、ミヤコグサ属）

　barochory：重力散布　※blastchoryとの違いがわからない

seeds fall from the plant

　herpochory：乾燥状態と湿潤状態を繰り返して土の上を這って動いて散布

seeds creep on the soil by the movement of organs in a succession of dry and wet conditions

 

◆Anemochory：風散布

　cystometeorochory：風船みたいで軽くて小さい種子の散布

balloon-like（ギョリュウモドキ）

　trichometeorochory：冠毛を持ち落下速度を低下させる種子の散布

seeds are completed with a hairy structure (e.g. pappus) to reduce falling velocity（ヤナギラン属のEpilobium angustifolium、オキナグサ属のPulsatilla alpina）

　pterometeorochory (pterochory)：翼のある種子の散布

 seed dispersal is improved through wings.

　chamaechory：地面を風で転がって散布

with diaspores rolling on the ground pushed by the wind（ボウコウマメ属のColutea arborescens、マメ科のAstragalus alpinusとAnthyllis vulneraria、ヒゴタイサイコ属のEryngium campestre、チャボアザミ）

　boleochory (semachory)：風靡散布、風力射出散布（風でゆらされて果実の中から散布）

the small seeds without particular features are spread when the fruit is shaken by wind

　

◆Hydrochory：水散布

　nautochory：水に浮いて散布

seeds are often light enough to float and move on rivers, lakes or ponds（サジオモダカ、スゲ属のCarex flavaとCarex elata、キショウブ、ミクリ属）

　bythisochory：大雨の時に散布

running water may carry many different types of seeds with heavy rains

　ombrochory：雨滴散布

rain may contribute to disperse seeds through the shock generated by the rain droplets hitting the fruits

 

◆Zoochory：動物散布

　dyszoochory (dysochory)：貯食散布

many seeds are foraged as food by animals, which sometimes hide them as stock for the winter and forget about them, or lose them during transport

　myrmecochory：アリ散布

 dispersal by ants

　endozoochory：動物被食散布

eating fruit or even the complete plant, and seeds go undamaged 

　epizoochory：動物付着散布

Seeds are also frequently transported by animals in fur

 

◆Anthropochory：人為散布

　ethelochory：農業やガーデニング用に売られることによる散布

plants or seeds being sold for agriculture and gardening 

　speirochory：混入による散布

seeds being involuntarily mixed with the previous ones

　agochory：様々なものに隠れて散布

seeds travelling hidden in goods, cars, soil under soles, with hay, etc.

 

 

参考文献

1.

Seed dispersal distances: a typology based on dispersal modes and plant traits

 journal: Alpine Botany(2007) [previous Tilte: Botanica Helvetica]

 

2.

福岡教育大学 福原達人様のHP内の

植物形態学（website:https://ww1.fukuoka-edu.ac.jp/~fukuhara/keitai/index.html)

8.種子散布の部分を参考にさせていただきました。